Six Types of References

Reference Assignment	How to Dereference
$refScalar = \$scalar;	${$refScalar} is a scalar value.
$refArray = \@array;	@{$refArray} is an array value.
$refHash = \%hash;	%{$refHash} is a hash value.
$refFunction = \&function;	&{$refFunction} is a function location.
$refGlob = \*FILE;	$refGlob is a reference to a file handle and seems to be automatically dereferenced by Perl.
$refRef = \$refScalar;	${${$refRef}} is a scalar value.